Stablecoin Supply: What It Shows and What It Cannot Prove

The short answer

Stablecoin supply is a balance-stock measure. It can show where tracked stablecoin balances sit, how the balance stock is split by issuer and chain, and how the tracked total changes over time. It cannot by itself prove payments usage, user demand, liquidity depth, issuer reserves, peg safety, or fresh fiat inflow.

This page is the methodology anchor for the first stablecoin proof path. It cites three reviewed Dune-backed supply charts, and all three use the same stablecoin balance source and claim boundary.

Proof path

Raw Data for Stablecoin Supply Concentration by Issuer
as_of	name	rank	asset	value	entity	row_id	source	window	share_pct	top_asset	supply_usd	denominator	hhi_0_10000	data_through	metric_value	share_percent	named_asset_count	other_asset_count	provider_entity_id	top1_share_percent	top3_share_percent	asset_count_in_bucket	canonical_entity_name	denominator_asset_count	total_tracked_balances_usd	display_asset	stablecoin_display_order
Jun 25, 2026	USDT	1.00	USDT	+60.94%	USDT	stablecoin-snapshot-usdt	Dune stablecoins_multichain.balances	latest snapshot	+0.61%	USDT	$203.04B	Jan 1, 2000	4,250.26	Jun 25, 2026	60.94	+60.94%	6.00	152.00	USDT	+60.94%	+86.13%	1.00	USDT	158.00	$333.18B	USDT	1.00
Jun 25, 2026	USDC	2.00	USDC	+22.80%	USDC	stablecoin-snapshot-usdc	Dune stablecoins_multichain.balances	latest snapshot	+0.23%	USDT	$75.96B	Jan 1, 2000	4,250.26	Jun 25, 2026	22.80	+22.80%	6.00	152.00	USDC	+60.94%	+86.13%	1.00	USDC	158.00	$333.18B	USDC	2.00
Jun 25, 2026	USDS	3.00	USDS	+2.39%	USDS	stablecoin-snapshot-usds	Dune stablecoins_multichain.balances	latest snapshot	+0.02%	USDT	$7.95B	Jan 1, 2000	4,250.26	Jun 25, 2026	2.39	+2.39%	6.00	152.00	USDS	+60.94%	+86.13%	1.00	USDS	158.00	$333.18B	USDS	3.00
Jun 25, 2026	USDe	4.00	USDe	+1.72%	USDe	stablecoin-snapshot-usde	Dune stablecoins_multichain.balances	latest snapshot	+0.02%	USDT	$5.73B	Jan 1, 2000	4,250.26	Jun 25, 2026	1.72	+1.72%	6.00	152.00	USDe	+60.94%	+86.13%	1.00	USDe	158.00	$333.18B	USDe	4.00
Jun 25, 2026	DAI	5.00	DAI	+1.60%	DAI	stablecoin-snapshot-dai	Dune stablecoins_multichain.balances	latest snapshot	+0.02%	USDT	$5.33B	Jan 1, 2000	4,250.26	Jun 25, 2026	1.60	+1.60%	6.00	152.00	DAI	+60.94%	+86.13%	1.00	DAI	158.00	$333.18B	DAI	5.00
Jun 25, 2026	USD1	6.00	USD1	+1.41%	USD1	stablecoin-snapshot-usd1	Dune stablecoins_multichain.balances	latest snapshot	+0.01%	USDT	$4.69B	Jan 1, 2000	4,250.26	Jun 25, 2026	1.41	+1.41%	6.00	152.00	USD1	+60.94%	+86.13%	1.00	USD1	158.00	$333.18B	USD1	6.00
Jun 25, 2026	Other	999,999.00	Other	+9.15%	Other	stablecoin-snapshot-other	Dune stablecoins_multichain.balances	latest snapshot	+0.09%	USDT	$30.48B	Jan 1, 2000	4,250.26	Jun 25, 2026	9.15	+9.15%	6.00	152.00	Other	+60.94%	+86.13%	152.00	Other	158.00	$333.18B	Other (152 assets, each <1%)	7.00

Stablecoin Supply Concentration by Issuer

This chart ranks USD stablecoin assets by their latest total tracked balances share and adds concentration metrics for the same denominator.

Last Updated: 2026-06-26

The concentration chart answers an asset-level composition question: within the reviewed USD stablecoin universe, how much of tracked balances is held by the largest issuers and assets?

Raw Data for Stablecoin Supply by Chain
as_of	asset	chain	supply_usd	asset_bucket	display_order	dominant_asset	asset_count_in_bucket	chain_count_in_bucket	dominant_asset_context	denominator_asset_count	denominator_chain_count	chain_asset_share_percent	dominant_asset_supply_usd	chain_market_share_percent	total_tracked_balances_usd	dominant_asset_share_percent
Jun 25, 2026	USDT	ethereum	$99.88B	USDT	1.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 54.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+54.64%	$99.88B	+54.87%	$333.17B	+54.64%
Jun 25, 2026	USDC	ethereum	$51.31B	USDC	1.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 54.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+28.07%	$99.88B	+54.87%	$333.17B	+54.64%
Jun 25, 2026	USDS	ethereum	$7.54B	USDS	1.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 54.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+4.12%	$99.88B	+54.87%	$333.17B	+54.64%
Jun 25, 2026	USDe	ethereum	$4.48B	USDe	1.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 54.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+2.45%	$99.88B	+54.87%	$333.17B	+54.64%
Jun 25, 2026	DAI	ethereum	$4.63B	DAI	1.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 54.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+2.54%	$99.88B	+54.87%	$333.17B	+54.64%
Jun 25, 2026	USD1	ethereum	$1.85B	USD1	1.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 54.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+1.01%	$99.88B	+54.87%	$333.17B	+54.64%
Jun 25, 2026	Other assets	ethereum	$13.11B	Other assets	1.00	USDT	71.00	1.00	USDT at 54.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+7.17%	$99.88B	+54.87%	$333.17B	+54.64%
Jun 25, 2026	USDT	tron	$89.85B	USDT	2.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 98.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+98.57%	$89.85B	+27.36%	$333.17B	+98.57%
Jun 25, 2026	USD1	tron	$10.06M	USD1	2.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 98.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+0.01%	$89.85B	+27.36%	$333.17B	+98.57%
Jun 25, 2026	Other assets	tron	$1.29B	Other assets	2.00	USDT	4.00	1.00	USDT at 98.6% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+1.42%	$89.85B	+27.36%	$333.17B	+98.57%
Jun 25, 2026	USDT	solana	$3.81B	USDT	3.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 46.1% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+23.56%	$7.45B	+4.85%	$333.17B	+46.13%
Jun 25, 2026	USDC	solana	$7.45B	USDC	3.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 46.1% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+46.13%	$7.45B	+4.85%	$333.17B	+46.13%
Jun 25, 2026	USDS	solana	$48.73M	USDS	3.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 46.1% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+0.30%	$7.45B	+4.85%	$333.17B	+46.13%
Jun 25, 2026	USDe	solana	$549.54M	USDe	3.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 46.1% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+3.40%	$7.45B	+4.85%	$333.17B	+46.13%
Jun 25, 2026	USD1	solana	$1.02B	USD1	3.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 46.1% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+6.33%	$7.45B	+4.85%	$333.17B	+46.13%
Jun 25, 2026	Other assets	solana	$3.28B	Other assets	3.00	USDC	25.00	1.00	USDC at 46.1% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+20.28%	$7.45B	+4.85%	$333.17B	+46.13%
Jun 25, 2026	USDT	bnb	$9.19B	USDT	4.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 65.2% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+65.17%	$9.19B	+4.23%	$333.17B	+65.17%
Jun 25, 2026	USDC	bnb	$1.59B	USDC	4.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 65.2% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+11.27%	$9.19B	+4.23%	$333.17B	+65.17%
Jun 25, 2026	USDS	bnb	$2.23M	USDS	4.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 65.2% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+0.02%	$9.19B	+4.23%	$333.17B	+65.17%
Jun 25, 2026	USDe	bnb	$249.45M	USDe	4.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 65.2% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+1.77%	$9.19B	+4.23%	$333.17B	+65.17%
Jun 25, 2026	DAI	bnb	$31.1M	DAI	4.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 65.2% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+0.22%	$9.19B	+4.23%	$333.17B	+65.17%
Jun 25, 2026	USD1	bnb	$1.8B	USD1	4.00	USDT	1.00	1.00	USDT at 65.2% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+12.79%	$9.19B	+4.23%	$333.17B	+65.17%
Jun 25, 2026	Other assets	bnb	$1.23B	Other assets	4.00	USDT	28.00	1.00	USDT at 65.2% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+8.76%	$9.19B	+4.23%	$333.17B	+65.17%
Jun 25, 2026	USDC	hyperevm	$5.47B	USDC	5.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 96.0% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+95.95%	$5.47B	+1.71%	$333.17B	+95.95%
Jun 25, 2026	USDe	hyperevm	$24.6M	USDe	5.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 96.0% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+0.43%	$5.47B	+1.71%	$333.17B	+95.95%
Jun 25, 2026	Other assets	hyperevm	$206.36M	Other assets	5.00	USDC	8.00	1.00	USDC at 96.0% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+3.62%	$5.47B	+1.71%	$333.17B	+95.95%
Jun 25, 2026	USDC	arbitrum	$2.71B	USDC	6.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 56.5% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+56.50%	$2.71B	+1.44%	$333.17B	+56.50%
Jun 25, 2026	USDS	arbitrum	$99.77M	USDS	6.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 56.5% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+2.08%	$2.71B	+1.44%	$333.17B	+56.50%
Jun 25, 2026	USDe	arbitrum	$1.76M	USDe	6.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 56.5% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+0.04%	$2.71B	+1.44%	$333.17B	+56.50%
Jun 25, 2026	DAI	arbitrum	$18.57M	DAI	6.00	USDC	1.00	1.00	USDC at 56.5% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+0.39%	$2.71B	+1.44%	$333.17B	+56.50%
Jun 25, 2026	Other assets	arbitrum	$1.97B	Other assets	6.00	USDC	20.00	1.00	USDC at 56.5% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+41.00%	$2.71B	+1.44%	$333.17B	+56.50%
Jun 25, 2026	USDT	Other chains	$309.65M	USDT	999.00	Other assets	1.00	17.00	Other assets at 50.8% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+1.68%	$9.38B	+5.54%	$333.17B	+50.85%
Jun 25, 2026	USDC	Other chains	$7.43B	USDC	999.00	Other assets	1.00	21.00	Other assets at 50.8% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+40.24%	$9.38B	+5.54%	$333.17B	+50.85%
Jun 25, 2026	USDS	Other chains	$263.68M	USDS	999.00	Other assets	1.00	4.00	Other assets at 50.8% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+1.43%	$9.38B	+5.54%	$333.17B	+50.85%
Jun 25, 2026	USDe	Other chains	$426.83M	USDe	999.00	Other assets	1.00	8.00	Other assets at 50.8% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+2.31%	$9.38B	+5.54%	$333.17B	+50.85%
Jun 25, 2026	DAI	Other chains	$642.49M	DAI	999.00	Other assets	1.00	8.00	Other assets at 50.8% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+3.48%	$9.38B	+5.54%	$333.17B	+50.85%
Jun 25, 2026	USD1	Other chains	$2.37M	USD1	999.00	Other assets	1.00	1.00	Other assets at 50.8% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+0.01%	$9.38B	+5.54%	$333.17B	+50.85%
Jun 25, 2026	Other assets	Other chains	$9.38B	Other assets	999.00	Other assets	73.00	29.00	Other assets at 50.8% of chain balances	157.00	38.00	+50.85%	$9.38B	+5.54%	$333.17B	+50.85%

Stablecoin Supply by Chain

As of 2026-06-25, ethereum held 54.9% of reviewed USD stablecoin tracked balances by chain, with USDT at 54.6% of that chain's tracked balances. tron held 27.4% of total tracked balances, with USDT at 98.6% of that chain

Last Updated: 2026-06-27

The chain chart answers a location question: where does the reviewed stablecoin balance stock sit by chain? It does not prove chain-level user activity or DeFi demand.

Raw Data for Stablecoin Supply: Total Tracked Balances
date	top_asset	hhi_0_10000	top1_share_percent	top3_share_percent	denominator_asset_count	total_tracked_balances_usd
Jun 25, 2026	USDT	4,250.29	+60.94%	+86.13%	157.00	$333.17B
Jun 24, 2026	USDT	4,247.45	+60.91%	+86.10%	157.00	$333.33B
Jun 23, 2026	USDT	4,239.93	+60.82%	+86.09%	157.00	$333.77B
Jun 22, 2026	USDT	4,237.23	+60.77%	+86.12%	157.00	$334.06B
Jun 21, 2026	USDT	4,243.54	+60.78%	+86.24%	157.00	$334B
Jun 20, 2026	USDT	4,243.47	+60.78%	+86.25%	157.00	$334.02B
Jun 19, 2026	USDT	4,245.44	+60.79%	+86.27%	157.00	$333.93B
Jun 18, 2026	USDT	4,248.20	+60.82%	+86.28%	157.00	$333.79B
Jun 17, 2026	USDT	4,251.54	+60.84%	+86.33%	157.00	$333.62B
Jun 16, 2026	USDT	4,253.34	+60.85%	+86.36%	157.00	$333.61B
Jun 15, 2026	USDT	4,251.63	+60.83%	+86.43%	157.00	$333.68B
Jun 14, 2026	USDT	4,257.46	+60.89%	+86.46%	157.00	$333.35B
Jun 13, 2026	USDT	4,259.88	+60.91%	+86.48%	157.00	$333.25B
Jun 12, 2026	USDT	4,259.85	+60.91%	+86.49%	157.00	$333.27B
Jun 11, 2026	USDT	4,261.24	+60.92%	+86.47%	157.00	$333.16B
Jun 10, 2026	USDT	4,261.15	+60.94%	+86.46%	157.00	$333.1B
Jun 9, 2026	USDT	4,258.14	+60.90%	+86.46%	157.00	$333.29B
Jun 8, 2026	USDT	4,244.01	+60.71%	+86.47%	157.00	$334.34B
Jun 7, 2026	USDT	4,243.03	+60.73%	+86.42%	157.00	$334.25B
Jun 6, 2026	USDT	4,244.96	+60.77%	+86.41%	157.00	$334.04B
Jun 5, 2026	USDT	4,242.86	+60.74%	+86.40%	157.00	$334.2B
Jun 4, 2026	USDT	4,231.94	+60.65%	+86.34%	157.00	$334.66B
Jun 3, 2026	USDT	4,221.34	+60.54%	+86.30%	157.00	$335.26B
Jun 2, 2026	USDT	4,216.35	+60.51%	+86.24%	157.00	$335.43B
Jun 1, 2026	USDT	4,210.18	+60.47%	+86.19%	157.00	$335.66B
May 31, 2026	USDT	4,210.05	+60.48%	+86.17%	157.00	$335.63B
May 30, 2026	USDT	4,209.78	+60.47%	+86.18%	157.00	$335.69B
May 29, 2026	USDT	4,207.89	+60.44%	+86.19%	157.00	$335.8B
May 28, 2026	USDT	4,205.14	+60.40%	+86.18%	157.00	$335.9B
May 27, 2026	USDT	4,194.61	+60.32%	+86.06%	157.00	$336.26B
May 26, 2026	USDT	4,186.82	+60.25%	+86.01%	157.00	$336.9B
May 25, 2026	USDT	4,191.29	+60.33%	+85.99%	157.00	$336.46B
May 24, 2026	USDT	4,187.26	+60.30%	+85.96%	157.00	$336.58B
May 23, 2026	USDT	4,187.03	+60.30%	+85.96%	157.00	$336.7B
May 22, 2026	USDT	4,183.69	+60.26%	+85.95%	157.00	$336.61B
May 21, 2026	USDT	4,192.25	+60.28%	+85.96%	157.00	$336.46B
May 20, 2026	USDT	4,198.99	+60.39%	+85.96%	157.00	$335.88B
May 19, 2026	USDT	4,186.06	+60.25%	+86.01%	157.00	$336.63B
May 18, 2026	USDT	4,182.74	+60.22%	+86.00%	157.00	$336.93B
May 17, 2026	USDT	4,182.54	+60.21%	+85.99%	157.00	$337.01B
May 16, 2026	USDT	4,182.07	+60.20%	+86.00%	157.00	$337.03B
May 15, 2026	USDT	4,186.73	+60.23%	+86.05%	157.00	$336.71B
May 14, 2026	USDT	4,194.37	+60.32%	+86.06%	157.00	$336.2B
May 13, 2026	USDT	4,203.23	+60.37%	+86.17%	157.00	$335.92B
May 12, 2026	USDT	4,202.79	+60.33%	+86.23%	157.00	$336.19B
May 11, 2026	USDT	4,201.51	+60.29%	+86.27%	157.00	$336.48B
May 10, 2026	USDT	4,200.21	+60.20%	+86.42%	157.00	$335.35B
May 9, 2026	USDT	4,203.56	+60.22%	+86.42%	157.00	$335.16B
May 8, 2026	USDT	4,219.23	+60.34%	+86.37%	157.00	$334.52B
May 7, 2026	USDT	4,194.92	+60.11%	+86.44%	157.00	$335.78B
May 6, 2026	USDT	4,199.14	+60.15%	+86.43%	157.00	$335.54B
May 5, 2026	USDT	4,200.06	+60.17%	+86.44%	157.00	$335.41B
May 4, 2026	USDT	4,207.60	+60.24%	+86.48%	157.00	$334.97B
May 3, 2026	USDT	4,204.23	+60.24%	+86.46%	157.00	$333.36B
May 2, 2026	USDT	4,206.06	+60.25%	+86.48%	157.00	$333.28B
May 1, 2026	USDT	4,214.65	+60.32%	+86.46%	157.00	$332.9B
Apr 30, 2026	USDT	4,217.66	+60.35%	+86.48%	157.00	$332.84B
Apr 29, 2026	USDT	4,220.09	+60.32%	+86.42%	157.00	$331.36B
Apr 28, 2026	USDT	4,206.92	+60.20%	+86.47%	157.00	$332.03B
Apr 27, 2026	USDT	4,214.31	+60.25%	+86.54%	157.00	$331.78B
Apr 26, 2026	USDT	4,211.78	+60.21%	+86.55%	157.00	$331.98B
Apr 25, 2026	USDT	4,213.59	+60.23%	+86.54%	157.00	$331.91B
Apr 24, 2026	USDT	4,215.56	+60.25%	+86.56%	157.00	$331.83B
Apr 23, 2026	USDT	4,215.79	+60.22%	+86.60%	157.00	$331.83B
Apr 22, 2026	USDT	4,190.51	+59.98%	+86.42%	157.00	$331.46B
Apr 21, 2026	USDT	4,180.31	+59.95%	+86.22%	157.00	$331.6B
Apr 20, 2026	USDT	4,150.54	+59.65%	+86.01%	157.00	$331.51B
Apr 19, 2026	USDT	4,157.58	+59.69%	+86.08%	157.00	$330.96B
Apr 18, 2026	USDT	4,139.69	+59.52%	+86.06%	157.00	$331.87B
Apr 17, 2026	USDT	4,120.55	+59.34%	+85.98%	157.00	$331.21B
Apr 16, 2026	USDT	4,115.29	+59.29%	+85.94%	157.00	$331.49B
Apr 15, 2026	USDT	4,122.34	+59.36%	+85.99%	157.00	$331.11B
Apr 14, 2026	USDT	4,125.38	+59.35%	+86.05%	157.00	$331.13B
Apr 13, 2026	USDT	4,125.16	+59.35%	+86.03%	157.00	$331.12B
Apr 12, 2026	USDT	4,120.27	+59.33%	+86.02%	157.00	$331.22B
Apr 11, 2026	USDT	4,121.34	+59.34%	+86.02%	157.00	$331.2B
Apr 10, 2026	USDT	4,122.39	+59.34%	+86.04%	157.00	$331.17B
Apr 9, 2026	USDT	4,128.38	+59.42%	+86.05%	157.00	$330.76B
Apr 8, 2026	USDT	4,129.43	+59.44%	+86.03%	157.00	$330.62B
Apr 7, 2026	USDT	4,134.84	+59.52%	+86.00%	157.00	$330.15B
Apr 6, 2026	USDT	4,137.67	+59.54%	+85.97%	157.00	$330.04B
Apr 5, 2026	USDT	4,130.22	+59.52%	+85.99%	157.00	$330.15B
Apr 4, 2026	USDT	4,130.63	+59.53%	+85.99%	157.00	$330.13B
Apr 3, 2026	USDT	4,128.41	+59.51%	+85.97%	157.00	$330.24B
Apr 2, 2026	USDT	4,130.19	+59.55%	+85.94%	157.00	$329.99B
Apr 1, 2026	USDT	4,137.70	+59.62%	+85.97%	157.00	$329.65B
Mar 31, 2026	USDT	4,133.32	+59.58%	+85.99%	157.00	$329.86B
Mar 30, 2026	USDT	4,135.54	+59.57%	+86.01%	157.00	$329.92B
Mar 29, 2026	USDT	4,138.36	+59.56%	+86.04%	157.00	$329.97B
Mar 28, 2026	USDT	4,142.52	+59.59%	+86.03%	157.00	$329.79B
Mar 27, 2026	USDT	4,143.01	+59.59%	+86.04%	157.00	$329.79B
Mar 26, 2026	USDT	4,137.32	+59.51%	+86.04%	157.00	$330.2B
Mar 25, 2026	USDT	4,128.65	+59.38%	+86.10%	157.00	$330.95B
Mar 24, 2026	USDT	4,126.53	+59.37%	+86.07%	157.00	$331.01B
Mar 23, 2026	USDT	4,122.64	+59.34%	+86.03%	157.00	$331.19B
Mar 22, 2026	USDT	4,115.22	+59.25%	+86.02%	157.00	$331.69B
Mar 21, 2026	USDT	4,116.32	+59.25%	+86.06%	157.00	$331.66B
Mar 20, 2026	USDT	4,121.87	+59.29%	+86.05%	157.00	$331.45B
Mar 19, 2026	USDT	4,118.31	+59.25%	+86.03%	157.00	$331.68B
Mar 18, 2026	USDT	4,112.23	+59.18%	+86.03%	157.00	$332.05B

Stablecoin Supply: Total Tracked Balances

Reviewed Dune time series of total tracked USD stablecoin balances, a supply-stock view rather than market cap, usage, demand, or liquidity.

Last Updated: 2026-06-27

The total tracked balances chart answers a stock-size question over time. It does not convert balance growth into adoption, liquidity, reserve quality, or new fiat inflow.

What supply can support

Asset and chain composition inside the reviewed Dune balance universe.
Top share, top-three share, HHI, and total tracked balances when the denominator is stated.
Snapshot and trend statements about tracked balances, if the same universe and date window are used.

What supply cannot support

Liquidity depth, organic demand, payment adoption, active users, peg safety, reserve quality, redemption capacity, solvency, or fresh fiat inflow.
Circulating supply or market cap wording unless the source explicitly provides that metric.
Issuer market power or manipulation claims from concentration alone.

Reader caveat

Read these charts as balance-stock evidence. If a future research page makes a usage, flow, or adoption claim, it needs a separate usage or transfer dataset and a separate reviewed claim boundary.